This article reconstructs the history of digital activism in Italy to analyze the transformations that have affected the cyberspace and hacking landscape over the past thirty years.
The aim is to chart a new geography of Italian cyberactivity – as a combination of hacktivism and political activism – from the creation of the first hacking labs located in social centres, through the hacktivism meetings of the 1990s, up to the birth of new hacker groups and the Mastodon.bida.im initiative mastodon.bida.im.In Bologna.
